A defamation lawsuit is disclosing scornful behind-the-scenes opinions by Fox News figures about Donald Trump, including a Tucker Carlson text message declaring “I hate him passionately.”

Mr. Carlson’s private text conversation was unveiled in court papers at virtually the same time that the former president was hailing the Fox News host on social media. 

Mr. Trump said he was doing a “great job” in presenting excerpts of Capitol security video of the January 6 riot — though Mr. Carlson used the video to present an alternative narrative of the attack than has been advanced by the January 6 Committee and others.

The documents are also coming to light at a time of increased tension between Mr. Trump and the dominant media force appealing to conservatives as he campaigns to regain the presidency.

Voting machine manufacturer Dominion Voting Systems is suing Fox News for $1.6 billion, claiming the network broadcast false claims that the company was responsible for fraud in the 2020 presidential election. 

The case is to go to trial this spring, and a trove of documents related to Fox’s actions after the election are being publicly released in advance.

A common theme emerging from the internal documents and depositions is that Fox executives and hosts doubted the election claims being peddled by Mr. Trump and his allies, but aired and emphasized them anyway. 

Fox was growing concerned about a decline in viewership as Trump supporters turned away from the network after it — correctly — called President Biden the winner in Arizona on election night.

The exchanges include Mr. Carlson’s text conversation on January 4, 2021, with an unknown person, in which the prime-time host expressed anger toward Mr. Trump.

Mr. Carlson said that “we are very, very close to being able to ignore Trump most nights” and that “I truly can’t wait.”

The Fox News host said he had no doubt that there was fraud in the 2020 election, but that Mr. Trump and his lawyers had so discredited their case — and media figures like himself — “that it’s infuriating. Absolutely enrages me.”

Federal and state officials, courts, exhaustive reviews in battleground states, and Mr. Trump’s attorney general found no widespread fraud that could have changed the outcome of the 2020 election, although Mr. Trump continues to claim that the presidency was stolen from him.

Addressing Mr. Trump’s four years as president, Mr. Carlson said, “We’re all pretending we’ve got a lot to show for it, because admitting what a disaster it’s been is too tough to digest. But come on. There really isn’t an upside to Trump.”

In another text exchange more than a month earlier, Mr. Carlson denigrated Mr. Trump’s business abilities: Mr. Trump’s talent, he said, is to “destroy things. He could easily destroy us if we play it wrong.”

Fox, in response to these and other court exhibits that were released late Tuesday, said that “Dominion has been caught red handed using more distortions and misinformation in their PR campaign to smear Fox News and trample on free speech and freedom of the press.” 

Fox added that “We already know they will say and do anything to try to win this case, but to twist and even misattribute quotes to the highest levels of our company is truly beyond the pale.”

Fox’s founder, Rupert Murdoch, has a complex relationship with Mr. Trump: “I was not close to him,” Mr. Murdoch said in a deposition in the libel lawsuit.

Indeed, though Mr. Murdoch acknowledged talking to Mr. Trump occasionally, he said he also sought inside information from one of his network’s primetime hosts, Sean Hannity, because Mr. Hannity was the closest person at Fox to Trump.

Following Mr. Trump’s loss in November of 2020, Mr. Murdoch despaired of the president’s behavior.

“The real danger is what he might do as president,” Murdoch wrote in an email to a friend that month. “Apparently not sleeping and bouncing off walls! Don’t know about Melania, but kids no help.”

But Mr. Murdoch told his network’s officials that he also didn’t want to “antagonize” Trump: “He had a very large following, and they were probably mostly viewers of Fox, so it would have been stupid,” Mr. Murdoch said in a deposition in the Dominion case.

In separate questioning in the case, Mr. Murdoch acknowledged that he believed the 2020 presidential election “ was not stolen.”

On social media recently, Mr. Trump was critical of Fox when other court papers released in the Dominion case made clear that a number of the network’s executives and personalities privately believed the election fraud claims were bunk.

Mr. Trump and his team also have accused Fox of giving his latest campaign for the presidency little attention and favoring a potential challenger for the GOP nomination, Governor DeSantis.

In a fiery speech at the Conservative Political Action Committee last week, Trump ally Steve Bannon complained that Fox had disrespected the former president.

“You’ve deemed Trump’s not going to be president,” Mr. Bannon said. “Well, we deem you’re not going to have a network.”

On Saturday afternoon. Fox News aired Mr. Trump’s speech to CPAC in its entirety.