PHILADELPHIA – Philadelphia’s embattled police chief, acknowledging that police alone cannot quell a run of deadly violence, called on 10,000 black men to patrol the streets to reduce crime.

Sylvester Johnson, who is black, says black men have a duty to protect more vulnerable residents. He wants each volunteer to pledge to work three hours a day for at least 90 days.

“It’s time for African-American men to stand up,” Johnson told the Philadelphia Daily News, which first reported the story yesterday. “We have an obligation to protect our women, our children and our elderly. We’re going to put men on the street. We’re going to train them in conflict resolution.”

The program’s backers include a former Nation of Islam official who has been hired by police departments in Detroit, Syracuse, N.Y., and other cities to conduct community-sensitivity training, Dennis Muhammad.

Philadelphia, the nation’s sixth-largest city, has nearly 1.5 million residents, 44% of them black. It has notched 294 homicides this year. More than 80% of the slayings involve handguns and most involve young black males.

Mr. Johnson plans to introduce the “Call to Action: 10,000 Men, It’s a New Day” program on October 21, three months before his planned retirement.

“He won’t get anywhere near that number. If he gets 1,000 people, it will be great,” a woman who leads a local Guardian Angels chapter that has recruited just seven members over the past two years, Heather DeRussy, said. Given its size, the group focuses on a single North Philadelphia park plagued by prostitution and drug use.

Ms. DeRussy lauds Mr. Johnson for his effort, but fears the volunteers will find it dangerous to patrol their home turf.

“In their own neighborhoods, with the ‘Don’t snitch’ mentality, they’re kind of putting themselves in harm’s way, because there are going to be people who disagree with what they’re doing,” Ms. DeRussy said.

The men who join Mr. Johnson’s program will not carry weapons or make arrests, but will instead emphasize conflict resolution, similar to the Guardian Angels’ ground rules.

Police in other cities have hired Muhammad in recent years to provide sensitivity training to officers and community members, but it was not immediately clear if any have deployed a volunteer patrol force.

Mr. Johnson, who had led the police department for seven years, seems increasingly frustrated by the daily gun violence. He and other city leaders have blamed the Legislature for not passing gun-control measures.

Mayor John F. Street, whose term is up at the beginning of 2008, has voiced support for the program, but it was not clear if he would become involved. His office did not return a call for comment today.

Messrs. Street and Johnson have both endured withering criticism from frustrated residents and community leaders who think they should do more to halt the violence.

One gun-violence researcher said idea of putting citizens on patrol has the potential of showing children that adults care.

“A steady exposure to violence just creates this toxic environment for children and youth. As adults, we don’t want them to think they have to handle it on their own,” the executive director of the Firearm and Injury Center at the University of Pennsylvania, Rose Cheney, said.

“If, by putting people out there — not just as a town watch, but as resources who connect them to what they need from adults — that can be very promising,” she said.