TEL AVIV — A rare call for a general strike in Israel to protest the failure to return hostages held in Gaza led to closures and other disruptions around the country on Monday, including at its main international airport. It was ignored in some areas, though, reflecting deep political divisions.

Hundreds of thousands of Israelis had poured into the streets late Sunday in grief and anger after six hostages were found dead in Gaza. The families and much of the public blamed Prime Minister Netanyahu, saying they could have been returned alive in a deal with Hamas to end the nearly 11-month-old war.

Others, though, support Mr. Netanyahu’s strategy of maintaining relentless military pressure on Hamas, whose October 7 attack into Israel triggered the war. They say it will eventually force the militants to give in to Israeli demands, potentially facilitate rescue operations and ultimately annihilate the group.

Israel’s largest trade union, the Histadrut, called for a general strike on Monday, the first since the start of the war. It aims to shut down or disrupt major sectors of the economy, including banking, health care, and the country’s main airport.

Airlines at Israel’s main international airport, Ben-Gurion, were halting outgoing flights between 8 a.m. and 10 a.m. Those flights either departed early or were slightly delayed, and travelers were seen lining up at check-in counters despite the limited disruption. Arriving flights were continuing as usual during that time, according to the Israel Airports Authority.

The Histadrut said that banks, some large malls, and government offices were all joining the strike, as were some public transit services, although there did not appear to be any major disruptions. Intercity trains were not included in the strike, and Egged, a main bus line, said only some drivers were striking.

Municipalities in Israel’s populated central area, including Tel Aviv, were participating in the strike, leading to shortened school hours and cancellations for public day care centers and kindergartens.

Many municipalities, however, including Jerusalem, were not participating. Israeli media reported that the state appealed to a labor court to cancel the strike, saying it was politically motivated.

The demonstrations on Sunday appeared to be the largest since the start of the war, with organizers estimating that up to 500,000 people joined nationwide events and the main rally held at Tel Aviv. Israeli press estimated that 200,000 to 400,000 took part.

They are demanding that Mr. Netanyahu reach a deal to return the remaining roughly 100 hostages held in Gaza, a third of whom are believed to be dead, even if it means leaving a battered Hamas intact and withdrawing from the territory.

Many Israelis support this position, but others prioritize the destruction of the militant group over freedom for the hostages. Mr. Netanyahu has pledged “total victory” over Hamas and blames it for the failure of the negotiations, which have dragged on for much of this year.

Israel said the six hostages found dead in Gaza were killed by Hamas shortly before Israeli forces arrived in the tunnel where they were being held. Three of them were reportedly scheduled to be released in the first phase of a cease-fire proposal discussed in July.

The Israeli Health Ministry said autopsies had determined the hostages were shot at close range and died on Thursday or Friday. Mr. Netanyahu blamed Hamas, saying “whoever murders hostages doesn’t want a deal.”

Hamas blamed their deaths on Israel and the United States, accusing them of dragging out the talks by issuing new demands, including for lasting Israeli control over two strategic corridors in Gaza. Hamas has offered to release the hostages in return for an end to the war, the complete withdrawal of Israeli forces and the release of a large number of Palestinian prisoners, including high-profile militants.

One of the six hostages was Israeli-American Hersh Goldberg-Polin, 23, a native of Berkeley, California, who lost part of his left arm to a grenade in the October 7 attack. In April, Hamas issued a video that showed him alive, sparking protests in Israel.

He was one of the best-known hostages, and his parents had led a high-profile campaign for the captives’ release, meeting with President Biden, Pope Francis, and addressing the Democratic National Convention last month.

Mr. Biden on Sunday said he was “devastated and outraged.” The White House said he spoke with Goldberg-Polin’s parents and offered condolences.

Associated Press