JERUSALEM — Israel’s military said it began digging up the bodies of Lebanese fighters today after the government struck a deal with Hezbollah guerrillas to swap five living prisoners and dozens of bodies for two Israeli soldiers captured in 2006.

Israel said in a statement that the swap agreement was signed “in the presence of a U.N. representative.” Implementation of the deal depends on carrying out further steps, the statement said without providing specifics.

Hezbollah officials refused to comment.

Israel approved the swap June 29. It will hand over Samir Kantar, serving multiple life terms for a 1979 attack in Israel’s north, as well as four Hezbollah prisoners and dozens of bodies of fighters. In return, Israel is to receive two soldiers captured by Hezbollah in a 2006 cross-border raid that set off a fierce 34-day war.

Prime Minister Olmert declared the two soldiers dead before his Cabinet approved the deal, but the Hezbollah leader, Hassan Nasrallah, who has not allowed Red Cross visits or given any sign that the two are alive, called the declaration “speculation.”

Israeli military officials said the exchange was likely to take place sometime during the four days beginning Sunday. They spoke on condition of anonymity because final arrangements had not been made.

Kantar is serving multiple life sentences for one of the most gruesome attacks in Israeli history. He was convicted of shooting a policeman and then killing an Israeli man in front of his 4-year-old daughter before beating the girl to death. Kantar denied killing the girl.

Today, the family of the police officer appealed to Israel’s Supreme Court to block the exchange.

“Don’t release Kantar. He is a despicable mass murderer, and Israel will be sorry in the end,” the slain officer’s daughter, Keren Shahar, told reporters.

The court is not expected to intervene in the deal.

The military confirmed that the process of exhuming bodies had begun at the Amiad cemetery for enemy combatants, not far from the Israel-Lebanon border. It was declared a closed military zone to prevent reporters from witnessing the process. The military rabbinate called up reservists to help with identifying the bodies before the exchange.

Channel 10 TV showed video of about a dozen workers in white protective suits digging in the cemetery, before a soldier put his hand in front of the camera lens and stopped the filming.

In another aspect of the agreement, mediated by a U.N.-appointed German official, Hezbollah has compiled a report on the fate of Ron Arad, an Israeli airman captured alive after his plane was shot down over Lebanon in 1986.

An Israeli negotiator, Ofer Dekel, was in Europe today to pick up the report, the military officials said.

However, in announcing the signing of the swap agreement, a government spokesman, Mark Regev added, “so far we have not received the report concerning the fate of our missing navigator, Ron Arad. When that report is received, we will have discussions inside the government on how to move forward.”

Mr. Regev would not say where the signing took place.

In exchange for the report on Arad, Israel is to provide information on four Iranian diplomats who disappeared in Lebanon in 1982.

Iran, which supports Hezbollah, claims the officials were kidnapped by Lebanese militiamen allied with Israel and delivered to Israeli troops. Israel has long denied holding them, and the former head of the disbanded Lebanese Forces, Samir Geagea, has said militiamen killed them.

Israel invaded Lebanon in 1982, taking over large areas as part of a military sweep to expel Palestinian Arab guerrillas.